Process of printing colors with aniline-black



i NI'IED STATES PATENT WILLIAM BROl/VNING, OF ACCRINGTON, ENGLAND,ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE ARNOLD PRINT IVORKS,OF NORTH ADAMS, MASSACHUSETTS.

PROCESS OF PRINTING COLORS WITH ANILINE-BLACKP SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 191,673, dated February 14, 1893. Applicationfiled July 30, 1892. Serial No. 441,727. (Specimens.) Patented inEngland June 18, 1892, No. 11,416.

To all whom it may concern.- singly, but by combining the several opera-Be it known that 1, WILLIAM BROYVNING, a tions in the manner hereindescribed the most subject of the Queen of Great Britain and be perfecteffects can be obtained, and delicate, land, residing at Accrington, inthe county brilliant, and elaborate patterns or designs 3'. ofLancaster, England, have invented an Imcan be produced uponaniline-black grounds proved Process for the Production andFixawhich,heretofore,has not been accomplished. tion of Colors, inConjunction with Aniline- My improved process is to be distinguishedBlack,upon Cotton, (for which I have obtained from that in which coloreddesigns have been British Letters Patent No. 11,416, dated June producedin connection with aniline black 18, 1892,) of which the following is aspecificagrounds by reserving white portions corretiOH- sponding to thedesign or pattern desired, This invention relates to an improved proandthen printing and fixing the color upon cess or combination ofoperations for the prosuch portions, in which operation the diffiductionand fixation of colors, in conjunction culty of exactly fitting thereserved white por- 1. with aniline black upon cotton materials. tionshas been so great and, in fact, almost According to this invention, thefabric or impossible in fine patterns, that the results other materialis first mordanted, as by padhave been veryimperfect and unsatisfactory:ding with a solution of an astringent matter, it is also to bedistinguished from the methods say, for example, tannic acid or othermateheretofore used for producing colored figures go rial possessingsimilar properties such as gall upon aniline-black grounds by fasteningpigliquor, sumac extract, or other known astrinments upon the fabric,with albumen, which gent, which is then fixed by treatment with a is awholly mechanical method. For in these solution of tartar emetic orother suitable mepigment methods, the range of colors which tallic salt,according to the usual known can be employed is comparatively limitedbemethods of mordanting. The material thus sides lacking clearness,brilliancy and permordanted or prepared is then washed, dried manency;while by my improved process the and padded either upon one side, orupon colors are chemically fixed in the fabric,have both, with ananiline black mixture thickened great brilliancy, and the variety ofcolors and or otherwise, suitable for the production of shades of colorswhich may be employed is 8o 30 aniline black by the ordinary knownmethunlimited.

ods. Before, however, developing the aniline As a specific illustrationof the use of my black by steaming or aging in the usual manimprovedprocess, I will describe the producner, the material preparedas above isprinted tion of a blue pattern on an aniline black in the desiredpattern or design with colorground upon cotton cloth, First prepare or35 ing matters (such as those ordinarily fixed mordant the cloth in thefollowing manner:

with an astringent as above) dissolved and Make two separate solutions,one in the prothickened and mixed with suitable proporportion of oneounce of tannic acid dissolved l tions of acetate of soda or such otherwell in one gallon of water and the other one ounce v I known materials,commonly called resists, of tartar emetic to each gallon of water. Pass40 as are used to prevent the formation or dethe cloth through eachsolution separately, velopment of aniline black upon the parts drying itbetween the two, then wash and so printed. W hen the aniline black isdedry. Next pad (preferably on both sides) veloped by steaming or agingas usual, the with a solution prepared as follows:First coloring matterson the printed portions are dissolve six pounds of chlorate of potash in5 at the same time fixed by the mordant or assix gallons of hot water,and fifteen pounds tringent matter and the resist in the colorofferro-cyanide of potash, also in six gallons ing mixtures prevents theformation of the of hot water, and mix the two solutions toaniline blackat those parts. gether; when cool, add six quarts of aniline I do notclaim as new any of the above deoil and six quarts of hydrochloric acid(at I00 50 scribed steps in this process when taken sepa- 82 Twaddle),which have been previously rately, for they have been heretofore usedmixed and cooled. This is the standard mixture. YVhen required for use,add more hydrochloric acid in the proportion of about two ounces of theacid to each gallon of the above mixture. Then the cloth thus padded isdried, print on the design with the following:Dissolve two ounces of,say, methylene blue in half a pint of methylated spirits and half a pintof hot water, and add seven pints of a thickened resist containing aboutfour ounces and two-thirds of acetate of soda and two ounces andtwothirds British gum to the half pint. When dry, expose in a steamchamber in the usual way, which will develope the aniline black groundand at the same time fix'the methylene blue pattern by the astringentmordant, then wash and finish in the usual manner. In this mannerdesigns in any of the great variety of brilliant colors, derived fromcoal-tar may be produced upon cotton materials in conjunction withaniline black, and with a variety of different colors in each design,which heretofore has not been accomplished by calico-printers.

It will be understood that the ingredients and proportions ofingredients in the several mixtures may be varied according to theformulas employed by each calico-printer.

I claim as my invention The process of producting and fixing uponcotton, designs in colors, in conjunction with aniline-black, whichconsists in, first, applying to the material mordant formed by anastringent solution and a metallic salt; second,padding the materialwith an aniline mixture suitable for producing aniline black; third,printing upon the material in any desired designs a resist foraniline-black mixed with coloring matter which will enter into chemicalcombination with such mordant, and finally, steaming or aging thematerial so mordanted, padded and printed, to develop and fix thecolors, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM BROWNING. Vitnesses:

GEORGE DAVIES, J NO. HUGHES.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 491,673, grantedFebruary 14, 1893, upon the application of \Villiam Browning, ofAocrington, England, for an improvement in Processes of Printing Colorswith Aniline Black, an error appears in the printed specificationrequiring the following correction, viz.: In line 29, page 2, the wordproducting should read producing and that the said Letters Patent shouldbe read with this correction therein that the same may conform to therecord of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 28th day of February, A. D. 1893.

[SEAL] CYRUS BUSSEY, Assistant Secretary of the Interior.

Gountersigned W. E. SIMQNDS,

Oomtm'sstoner of Patents.

